Recall that mutation is a rare, random change in genetic material that can be inherited
In every DNA, there is what we called the base sequence, which cause the gene. The form of the gene is called allele. Certain process or event can result in a change of the base sequence. For example, for ACT to AAT.
This change creates a new version of the alleles. It's possible that this allele can create an entire new protein, and have an entire different affect on the phenotype.
Consider the dominant and recessive alleles: A and a. The reason why different alleles exist is because of the process called mutation, that changes the base sequence of the gene.
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