Understand that stimulation of receptors in the sense organs sends electrical impulses along nerves into and out of the central nervous system, resulting in rapid responses
Sense organs are the receptors and send message along the sensory neurones to the CNS.
Muscles and glands are effecters and receive messages the motor neurones from the CNS.
Relay neurons connect other neurones together.
Neurones can be very long to pass information from one part of the body to another.
Impulse, which are electric signals, are passed from the receptor to the coordinator by sensory nerves to the spine and into the brain.
The brain will then generates information and brings about a response by sending information down the spine through motor nerves. It can be either voluntary or involuntary.
Voluntary response always involve the brain.
Involuntary response is called reflex, controlled by the spinal cord.
The impulses are passed very quickly along the axon of the neurone.
When nerves meet, they do not actually touch but form a gap called synapses. Impulses "jump" from one synapse to another. More specifically, chemicals are releases which pass across this gap by diffusion. They travel along one nerve after another.
Some axon has fatty sheath and protein around it which insulates the axon and therefore information can be carried along faster.
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